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【Objective】 This study aims to investigate the effects of dietary sodium propionate on growth performance, immune function and intestinal health of Cyprinus carpio fed high-fat diets, and to provide theoretical reference for the application of sodium propionate in aquatic feeds. 【Methods】 C. carpio juveniles with an initial body mass of(18.91 ± 0.23) g were fed with three diets for 63 d, including the control diet(CO, with mass fraction 5.0% soybean oil), high-fat diet(HF, with mass fraction 15.0% soybean oil) and high-fat diet supplemented with sodium propionate(HF+SP, mass fractions 15.0%, 0.5% soybean oil and sodium propionate, respectively). Growth performance, serum immune enzyme activity, intestinal microbiota composition, and mRNA expression of hepatopancreatic and intestinal related genes were determined after the feeding trial. 【Results】 Compared with the CO group, the mass gain rate), specific growth rate, viscerosomatic index and hepatosomatic index of carp in the HF group were significantly increased(P < 0.05), while the feed conversion ratio was significantly decreased(P < 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of hepatic CPT-1, ACCAα, FAS and SREBP-1c were significantly upregulated(P < 0.05). Histological observation revealed massive lipid droplet accumulation, nuclear compression and displacement in the hepatopancreas. The intestinal mRNA expression levels of NF-κB and IL-10 were significantly downregulated(P < 0.05). The Shannon index of intestinal contents decreased, indicating reduced microbial richness and disrupted community structure. Compared with the HF group, no significant differences were observed in growth performance of fish in the HF+SP group, while the HSI was significantly reduced(P < 0.05). The activities of serum lysozyme(LZM) and catalase(CAT) were significantly elevated(P < 0.05). The hepatic mRNA expression of ACOX1 and PPARα were significantly upregulated, whereas SREBP-1c expression was significantly downregulated(P < 0.05). Hepatopancreatic histology showed fewer lipid droplets and alleviated vacuolation. The intestinal mRNA expression of TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly decreased(P < 0.05). The Ace, Chao 1, Shannon and Sobs indices of intestinal microbiota were significantly increased(P < 0.05), accompanied by elevated relative abundances of beneficial taxa including phylum Chloroflexota and genus Gemmobacter, which improved overall microbial diversity. 【Conclusion】 Under the conditions of this study, dietary supplementation with mass fraction 0.5% sodium propionate can reduce the elevated hepatosomatic index, improve lipid metabolism capacity, alleviate hepatopancreatic lipid deposition, and mitigate multiple adverse damages induced by high-fat diet stress in C. carpio.
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Basic Information:
China Classification Code:S965.116
Citation Information:
[1]XU Linqing,YU Wenzhi,CHENG Zhenyan ,et al.Effects of Sodium Propionate on Growth Performance, Immune Function and Intestinal Health of Cyprinus carpio Fed with High-fat Diet[J].Journal of Guangdong Ocean University,2026,46(04):47-57.
Fund Information:
天津市农业产学研用“揭榜挂帅”项目(GBGG202529); 天津市水产产业技术体系创新团队(ITTMRS2021000); 大学生创新创业项目(202410061159)
2026-07-03
2026-07-03
2026-07-03